Chiral symmetry breaking in the confining phase of QCD is a well-established phenomenon, yet it has been a challenge to derive this phenomenon from the theoretical viewpoint. In the seminal 1979 Cargese lectures, ’t Hooft showed how to use anomaly matching to prove chiral symmetry breaking, he showed some examples with simplified assumptions but didn’t give the general proof. In this talk, I will present a new argument which can lead to a general proof. If time permits, I will also review the strategies that have been pursed in literature and point out their limitations.